Recent advances in single extracellular vesicle detection methods

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by a variety of cells. They are known for their pertinent role in intercellular communication, and participation in different pathological processes, making them ideal candidate ......

Non-Exosomal and Exosomal Circulatory MicroRNAs: Which Are More Valid as Biomarkers?

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs with approximately 19–25 nucleotides that are involved in regulating a range of developmental and physiological processes. Non-exosomal circulating and exosomal miRNAs ......

Differential fluorescence nanoparticle tracking analysis for enumeration of the extracellular vesicle content in mixed particulate solutions

Background A major concern for the extracellular vesicle (EV) field is the current lack of accurate methods for EV quantification. Total protein measurement fails to reliably quantify EVs from serum-containing ......

Bubble Inflation using Phase Change Perfluorocarbon Nanodroplets as a Strategy for Enhanced Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy

Phase-change perfluorocarbon microdroplets were introduced over 2 decades ago to occlude downstream vessels in vivo. Interest in perfluorocarbon nanodroplets has recently increased to enable extravascular targeting, to rescue the weak ......

The Search for Molecular Markers in a Gene-Orphan Case Study of a Pediatric Spinal Cord Pilocytic Astrocytoma

Background/Aim: We herein presented a case of pediatric spinal cord pilocytic astrocytoma diagnosed on the basis of histopathological and clinical findings. Materials and Methods: Given the paucity of data on ......

Exosomes Secreted by Young Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote New Bone Formation During Distraction Osteogenesis in Older Rats

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is a clinically effective procedure to regenerate large bone defects. However, the treatment duration is undesirably lengthy, especially in elderly patients. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells ......

Rigorous characterization of urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) in the low centrifugation pellet – a neglected source for uEVs

Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) provide bio-markers for kidney and urogenital diseases. Centrifugation is the most common method used to enrich uEVs. However, a majority of studies to date have focused ......

Progress, opportunity, and perspective on exosome isolation–efforts for efficient exosome-based theranostics

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles with diameters of 30-150 nm. In both physiological and pathological conditions, nearly all types of cells can release exosomes, which play important roles in cell ......

Theranostic MRI liposomes for magnetic targeting and ultrasound triggered release of the antivascular CA4P

Theranostic nanocarriers of antivascular drug encapsulated in thermosensitive ultramagnetic liposomes can be advantageously designed to provide a locally high concentration and an active delivery, with image-guided Magnetic Resonance...

Variability in protein cargo detection in technical and biological replicates of exosome-enriched extracellular vesicles

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) of ~20–200 nm diameter that shuttle DNAs, RNAs, proteins and other biomolecules between cells. The large number of biomolecules present in exosomes demands the frequent ......

Rapid Nickel-based Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Different Biological Fluids

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures that cells massively release in extracellular fluids. EVs are cargo of cellular components such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids that can work as ......

Isolation and mutational assessment of pancreatic cancer extracellular vesicles using a microfluidic platform

Cancer cells release extracellular vesicles known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), containing tumor-derived DNA, RNA and proteins within their cargo, into the circulation. Circulating tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TEV) can be...

Experimental Study on Nano-/Microparticles Transport to Characterize Structures in Fractured Porous Media

Nano- and microparticles are expected to have several functionalities, and the ability to control size and shape is an advantage of using nano-/microparticles. This study investigated a possibility that the ......

Assessment of separation methods for extracellular vesicles from human and mouse brain tissues and human cerebrospinal fluids

Extracellular vesicle (EV) is a unified terminology of membrane-enclosed vesicular species ubiquitously secreted by almost every cell type and present in all body fluids. They carry a cargo of lipids, ......

Neural stem cells traffic functional mitochondria via extracellular vesicles to correct mitochondrial dysfunction in target cells

Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation induces recovery in animal models of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Although the replacement of lost endogenous cells was originally proposed as the primary healing ......

Proteomic analysis of two populations of Schistosoma mansoni-derived extracellular vesicles: 15k pellet and 120k pellet vesicles

Helminth parasites secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs) into their environment that have potential roles in host-parasite communication, and thus represent potentially useful targets for novel control strategies. Here, we carried out ......

A comparison of methods for the isolation and separation of extracellular vesicles from protein and lipid particles in human serum

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized vesicles containing nucleic acid and protein cargo that are released from a multitude of cell types and have gained significant interest as potential diagnostic biomarkers. ......

Extracellular vesicles released by melanocytes after UVA irradiation promote intercellular signaling via miR21

Abstract Skin pigmentation is controlled by complex crosstalk between melanocytes and keratinocytes and is primarily induced by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Several aspects of UVA‐induced signaling remain to be ......

Design of new protein drug delivery system (PDDS) with photoactive compounds as a potential application in the treatment of glioblastoma brain cancer

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an extremely aggressive malignant brain tumor. Despite advances in treatment modalities, it remains largely incurable. This unfavorable prognosis for GBM is at least partly due ......

Incorporating Peptide Aptamers into Resistive Pulse Sensing

Abstract The use of nanocarriers within resistive pulse sensing, RPS, aids the detection and quantification of analytes. In the absence of convection, the signal strength and frequency can dependent upon ......

Human iPS Cells Derived Skeletal Muscle Progenitor Cells Promote Myoangiogenesis and Restore Dystrophin in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophic Mice

Abstract Background and Objective Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by mutations of the gene that encodes the protein dystrophin. Loss of dystrophin leads to severe and progressive muscle-wasting in ......

Chapter 10 – Submicrometer, micrometer and visible particle analysis in biopharmaceutical research and development

Abstract This chapter gives an overview of methods for the analysis of submicrometer, micrometer and visible particles within biopharmaceutical products: dynamic light scattering, nanoparticle tracking analysis, asymmetrical flow field...

Sizing up the Next Generation of Nanomedicines

During the past two decades the nanomedicine field has experienced significant progress. To date, over sixty nanoparticle (NP) formulations have been approved in the US and EU while many others ......

Techniques Associated with Exosome Isolation for Biomarker Development: Liquid Biopsies for Ovarian Cancer Detection

Abstract Ovarian cancer is the leading gynecological malignancy worldwide. This is attributed to the fact that the disease is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, where the survival rates drop ......

Extracellular Vesicles: Recent Developments in Technology and Perspectives for Cancer Liquid Biopsy

Abstract Extracellular micro- and nanoscale membrane vesicles produced by different cells progressively attract the attention of the scientific community. They function as mediators of intercellular communication and transport genetic...

Techniques Associated with Exosome Isolation for Biomarker Development: Liquid Biopsies for Ovarian Cancer Detection

Abstract Ovarian cancer is the leading gynecological malignancy worldwide. This is attributed to the fact that the disease is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, where the survival rates drop ......

Current progress of extracellular vesicles in prostate cancer early diagnosis (39486g)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of cancer death for males in western countries. The current gold standard for PCa diagnosis – template needle biopsies – often does ......

A Method for the Isolation of Exosomes from Human and Bovine Milk

Scope. Milk provides a natural means of nutrient supply to infants. Exosomes are an important component of milk that are not only being studied for their promise in translational medicine ......

microRNA-181d-5p-containing exosomes derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition by regulating CDX2/HOXA5 in breast cancer

Abstract Recently, novel mechanisms underlying the pro-tumorigenic effects of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been identified in several cancers, including breast cancer. CAFs can secrete exosomes that are loaded with proteins, ......

Dimethyloxaloylglycine-stimulated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes enhance bone regeneration through angiogenesis by targeting the AKT/mTOR pathway

Abstract Background Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes have been recognized as new candidate agents for treating critical-sized bone defects; they promote angiogenesis and may be an alternative to cell therapy. ......

The Anti-Apoptotic E of ASC-Exosomes in an In Vitro ALS Model and Their Proteomic Analysis

Abstract Stem cell therapy represents a promising approach in the treatment of several neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The beneficial effect of stem cells is exerted by paracrine ......

Identification of actin network proteins, talin-1 and filamin-A, in circulating extracellular vesicles as blood biomarkers for human myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome

Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a serious, debilitating disorder with a wide spectrum of symptoms, including pain, depression, and neurocognitive deterioration. Over 17 million people around the world have ......

Highly-luminescent Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles Hybridized with Citric Acid for Their Bifunctional Cell-labeling and Cytostatic Suppression Properties

We successfully prepared hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) with photofunctional interfaces between the citric acid (Cit) molecules and europium(III) ion (Eu3+)-doped hydroxyapatite (HA) (Eu:HA) to provide bifunctional cell-labeling and...

Molecular techniques for respiratory diseases: MicroRNA and extracellular vesicles

ABSTRACT miRNA are a class of evolutionarily conserved non‐coding 19‐ to 22‐nt regulatory RNA. They affect various cellular functions through modulating the transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels of their target mRNA ......

Concentration stability of monolayer and bilayer lipid microbubbles – a precursor for new drug delivery applications

ABSTRACT SUMMARY Lipid microbubbles with their acoustofluidic properties are attractive vesicular systems for targeted, non-invasive drug delivery applications. For decades, microbubbles have been used exclusively as a diagnostic tool...

Personalized detection of circling exosomal PD-L1 based on Fe3O4@TiO2 isolation and SERS immunoassay

Abstract Circling exosomal PD-L1 can be expected as a predictor for the clinical responds of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Here, we present a simple method integrating capture and analysis of exosomal PD-L1 ......

Extracellular vesicles transmit epithelial growth factor activity in the intestinal stem cell niche

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membrane‐surrounded vesicles that represent a novel way of intercellular communication by carrying biologically important molecules in a concentrated and protected form. The intestinal...

MiR-21 derived from the exosomes of MSCs regulates the death and differentiation of neurons in patients with spinal cord injury

Abstract In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of miR-21 in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms. Real-time PCR ......

Dietary Na+ intake in healthy humans changes the urine extracellular vesicle prostasin abundance while vesicle excretion rate, NCC and ENaC are not altered

Abstract Low Na+ intake activates aldosterone signaling which increases renal Na+ reabsorption through increased apical activity of NaCl co-transporter (NCC) and epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC). Na+ transporter proteins are excreted ......

Enhancement of Oncolytic Activity of oHSV Expressing IL-12 and Anti PD-1 Antibody by Concurrent Administration of Exosomes Carrying CTLA-4 miRNA

Abstract Systemic administration of checkpoint inhibitors alone and especially concurrent with intratumoral administration of oncolytic herpesviruses (oHSV) has a major impact on cancer therapy marred by rare failures of healthy ......

Development of DNA-anchored assembly of small extracellular vesicle for efficient antigen delivery to antigen presenting cells

Abstract Tumor-cell derived small extracellular vesicle (sEV) combined with immunostimulatory adjuvants may serve as a promising tumor vaccine through the induction of the cytotoxic T cell response. To achieve an ......

Circulating exosomes may identify biomarkers for cows at risk for metabolic dysfunction

Abstract Disease susceptibility of dairy cows is greatest during the transition from pregnancy to lactation. Circulating exosomes may provide biomarkers to detect at-risk cows to enhance health and productivity. From ......

Tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS)

Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles from Keratinocyte Cultures

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are nano-sized membrane-bound particles which are released by cells. They have been found in all examined body fluids and can be isolated from conditioned ......

Liquid biopsies in pancreatic cancer

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease of high lethality. Invasive tissue biopsies of primary or metastatic lesions remain the gold standard for diagnosis, but repeated sampling is ......

Acidification effects on isolation of extracellular vesicles from bovine milk

Abstract Bovine milk extracellular vesicles (EVs) attract research interest as carriers of biologically active cargo including miRNA from donor to recipient cells to facilitate intercellular communication. Since toxicity of edible ......

Small Extracellular Vesicles Are Key Regulators of Non-cell Autonomous Intercellular Communication in Senescence via the Interferon Protein IFITM3

Senescence is a cellular phenotype present in health and disease, characterized by a stable cell-cycle arrest and an inflammatory response called senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP is important ......

Development and comparative analysis of human urine exosome isolation strategies

Abstract Exosomes contain virtually every type of biomolecules that have originated from parental cells. High concentrations of exosomes are found in a variety of body fluids including urine, a body ......

The Anti-Apoptotic E of ASC-Exosomes in an In Vitro ALS Model and Their Proteomic Analysis

Abstract Stem cell therapy represents a promising approach in the treatment of several neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The beneficial effect of stem cells is exerted by paracrine ......

Exosome reporter mice reveal the involvement of exosomes in mediating neuron to astroglia communication in the CNS

Abstract Astroglia play active and diverse roles in modulating neuronal/synaptic functions in the CNS. How these astroglial functions are regulated, especially by neuronal signals, remains largely unknown. Exosomes, a major ......

Modern Techniques for the Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles and Viruses

Abstract Extracellular signaling is pivotal to maintain organismal homeostasis. A quickly emerging field of interest within extracellular signaling is the study of extracellular vesicles (EV), which act as messaging vehicles ......

Assessment of extracellular vesicles, associated microRNAs, and of their utility as clinical biomarkers in liquid biopsies

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial mediators of intercellular communication and promising diagnostic targets in liquid biopsies. This work aimed at assessing the applicability and utility of exploiting EVs and their ......

Acoustic immunosensing of exosomes using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring.

Abstract Exosomes are endocytic lipid-membrane bound bodies with potential to be used as biomarkers in cancer and neurodegenerative disease. The limitations and scarcity of current exosome characterisation approaches has led ......

The evaluation of immunogenicity of therapeutic antibody drug aggregates using 2D and 3D in vitro models

Extracellular vesicles in urologic malignancies— Implementations for future cancer care

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a heterogeneous group of vesicles differing in size and shape, cargo content and function, are membrane‐bound and nano‐sized vesicles that could be released by nearly all ......

A novel population of extracellular vesicles smaller than exosomes promotes cell proliferation

Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in intercellular communication by delivering RNA, lipid, and proteins to neighboring or distant cells. Identification and classification of EVs secreted from diverse ......

Exosomes derived from Induced Vascular Progenitor Cells Promote Angiogenesis in vitro and in an in vivo Rat Hindlimb Ischemia Model

Abstract Induced vascular progenitor cells (iVPCs) were created as an ideal cell type for regenerative medicine and have been reported to positively promote collateral blood flow and improve cardiac function ......

Tumor‐derived exosomal miRNA‐320d as a biomarker for metastatic colorectal cancer

Abstract Background To identify specific exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) as serum biomarkers for prediction of metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and Methods Serum exosomes were isolated from patients ......

MiR-126 Mediates Brain Endothelial Cell Exosome Treatment–Induced Neurorestorative Effects After Stroke in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Mice

Abstract Background and Purpose— Stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) exhibit increased vascular and white matter damage and have worse prognosis compared with nondiabetic stroke patients. We investigated ......

The Kinetics of Small Extracellular Vesicle Delivery Impacts Skin Tissue Regeneration

Abstract Small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) offer a promising strategy for tissue regeneration, yet their short lifetime at the injured tissue limits their efficacy. Here, we show that kinetics of SEV ......

Macrophages Educated with Exosomes from Primed Mesenchymal Stem Cells Treat Acute Radiation Syndrome by Promoting Hematopoietic Recovery

ABSTRACT In the setting of radiation-induced trauma, exposure to high levels of radiation can cause an acute radiation syndrome (ARS) causing bone marrow (BM) failure, leading to life-threatening infections, anemia, ......

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles and Red Blood Cell Manufacturing Methods on Transfusion-Related Immunomodulation

Transfusion of red blood concentrates (RCCs) is a lifesaving procedure. Nonetheless, a number of studies have revealed that transfusion of RCC products is still associated with increased risk of serious ......

Peptide Nanocarriers for the Detection of Heavy Metal Ions Using Resistive Pulse Sensing

Abstract The use of nanocarriers within resistive pulse sensing facilitates the detection and quantification of analytes. To date the field has been dominated by polyionic carriers or nanomaterials. Together they ......

Modification of casein aggregate microstructures under frozen conditions: a study using tunable resistive pulse sensing

Abstract Freezing and aging under frozen conditions could be a potential technique for modifying characteristics of aggregated sodium caseinate particles. In this research, 1% sodium caseinate suspensions with different NaCl ......

Transcutaneous Ultrasound-Mediated Nonviral Gene Delivery to the Liver in a Porcine Model

Ultrasound (US)-mediated gene delivery (UMGD) of nonviral vectors was demonstrated in this study to be an effective method to transfer genes into the livers of large animals via a minimally ......

Placenta stem/stromal cell‐derived extracellular vesicles for potential use in lung repair

Abstract Many acute and chronic lung injuries are incurable and rank as the fourth leading cause of death globally. While stem cell treatment for lung injuries is a promising approach, ......

The Impact of Nylon-3 Copolymer Composition on the Efficiency of siRNA Delivery to Glioblastoma Cells

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme is a devastating disease that has attracted enormous attention due to poor prognosis and high recurrence. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) in principle offers a promising therapeutic approach ......

Stem cell‐derived extracellular vesicles attenuate the early inflammatory response after tendon injury and repair

ABSTRACT Adipose‐derived stem cells (ASCs) have the potential to enhance tendon repair via paracrine regulation of the inflammatory response to injury. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are secreted by ASCs, have ......

Overview of Extracellular Vesicles, Their Origin, Composition, Purpose, and Methods for Exosome Isolation and Analysis

Abstract The use of extracellular vesicles, specifically exosomes, as carriers of biomarkers in extracellular spaces has been well demonstrated. Despite their promising potential, the use of exosomes in the clinical ......

ISEV2019 Abstract Book

Neural Recovery after Cortical Injury: Effects of MSC Derived Exosomes in the Cervical Spinal Cord

ABSTRACT Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability costing the United States (US) health care system 34 billion dollars. However, stem cell based therapies have been shown to improve recovery after ......

Tumor-derived exosomes promote carcinogenesis of murine oral squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract Circulating tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) interact with a variety of cells in cancer-bearing hosts, leading to cellular reprogramming which promotes disease progression. To study TEX effects on the development of ......

Inhibition effect of exosomes-mediated Let-7a on the development and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer by down-regulating the expression of c-Myc

Abstract. – OBJECTIVE: Triple negative breast cancer is typically characterized by high malignancy, easy recurrence and metastasis, and poor prognosis. However, effective treatment for triple negative breast cancer has not yet been...

Conception of nanosized hybrid liposome/poloxamer particles to thicken the interior core of liposomes and delay hydrophilic drug delivery

Abstract Liposomes are nanocarriers composed of phospholipids, especially designed to potentially carry drugs. However, liposomes suffer in terms of leakage of small hydrophilic drugs. To control the release, a system ......

Small extracellular vesicles containing arginase-1 suppress T-cell responses and promote tumor growth in ovarian carcinoma

Abstract Tumor-driven immune suppression is a major barrier to successful immunotherapy in ovarian carcinomas (OvCa). Among various mechanisms responsible for immune suppression, arginase-1 (ARG1)-carrying small extracellular vesicles...

MS-Based Proteomic Analysis of Serum and Plasma: Problem of High Abundant Components and Lights and Shadows of Albumin Removal

Abstract Blood serum or plasma proteome is a gold mine of disease biomarkers. However, complexity and a huge dynamic range of their components, combined with multiple mechanisms of degradation and ......

Increased extracellular vesicle miRNA-466 family in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as a precipitating factor of ARDS

Abstract Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening disease; however, its treatment has not yet been fully established. The progression of ARDS is considered to be mediated by ......

Liquid biopsy in ovarian cancer: recent advances in circulating extracellular vesicle detection for early diagnosis and monitoring progression

Abstract The current biomarkers available in the clinic are not enough for early diagnosis or for monitoring disease progression of ovarian cancer. Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive test and has ......

Evaluation of zeta potential of nanomaterials by electrophoretic light scattering: Fast field reversal versus Slow Field Reversal Mode

Abstract Zeta potential of nanomaterials designed to be used in nanomedicine is an important parameter to evaluate as it influences in vivo behaviour hence biological activity, efficacy and safety. As ......

Echographic and physical characterization of albumin-stabilized nanobubbles

Abstract There has been increasing interest in using nanobubbles (NBs) for ultrasound mediated drug delivery as well as for ultrasound imaging. Albumin NBs are especially attractive for its potential of ......

Extracellular vesicles in human skin: cross-talk from senescent fibroblasts to keratinocytes by miRNAs

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their miRNA cargo are intercellular communicators transmitting their pleiotropic messages between different cell types, tissues and body fluids. Recently, they have been reported to contribute ......

MACROPHAGE CELL THERAPY TO TREAT ORTHOPEDIC INJURY

Abstract: An ex vivo generated population of tissue-specific alternatively-activated macrophages and methods of making and using such macrophages for treating orthopedic injury are provided....

Comprehensive analysis of circulating microRNAs in plasma of patients with pituitary adenomas

Abstract Background Circulating miRNAs in pituitary adenoma would help patient care especially in non-functioning adenoma cases as minimally invasive biomarkers of tumor recurrence and progression. Aim Our aim was to ......

Mesenchymal stem cell derived EVs mediate neuroprotection after spinal cord injury in rats via the microRNA-21-5p/FasL gene axis

Abstract Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents a relatively common type of motor system trauma. While the SCI patient will experience varying degrees of paraplegia and quadriplegia, which severely affects their ......

Diversity and heterogeneity of extracellular RNA in human plasma

Abstract Extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) are secreted by nearly all cell types and are now known to play multiple physiological roles. In humans, exRNA populations are found in nearly any physiological ......

PEI/NONOates-doped PLGA nanoparticles for eradicating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm in diabetic wounds via binding to the biofilm matrix

Abstract Wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm represent a high risk in patients with diabetes. Nitric oxide (NO) has shown promise in dispersing biofilm and wound healing. For ......

Intracranial Non-thermal Ablation Mediated by Transcranial Focused Ultrasound and Phase-Shift Nanoemulsions

Abstract High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) mechanical ablation is an emerging technique for non-invasive transcranial surgery. Lesions are created by driving inertial cavitation in tissue, which requires significantly less peak ......

Basics and applications of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles

Abstract Extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated intercellular communication acts as a critical culprit in cancer development. The selective packaging of oncogenic molecules renders tumor-derived EVs capable of altering the tumor...

Oral keratinocyte-derived exosomes regulate proliferation of fibroblasts and epithelial cells

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are small membrane-bound particles released by cells. From a therapeutic point of view, EVs can often convey similar biological function as their parent cell. ......

Influence of Nanobubble Concentration on Blood–Brain Barrier Opening Using Focused Ultrasound Under Real-Time Acoustic Feedback Control

Abstract Real-time acoustic feedback control based on harmonic emissions of stimulated microbubbles may serve as a way to achieve reliable blood–brain barrier (BBB) opening with focused ultrasound in the brain. ......

Oral keratinocyte-derived exosomes regulate proliferation of fibroblasts and epithelial cells

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are small membrane-bound particles released by cells. From a therapeutic point of view, EVs can often convey similar biological function as their parent cell. ......

Ultrasensitive Immunoprofiling of Plasma Extracellular Vesicles Identifies Syndecan-1 as a Potential Tool for Minimally Invasive Diagnosis of Glioma

Abstract Purpose: Liquid biopsy has great potential to improve the management of brain tumor patients at high risk of surgeryassociated complications. Here, the aim was to explore plasma extracellular vesicle (plEV) immunoprofiling ......

Novosphingobium sp. PP1Y as a novel source of outer membrane vesicles

Abstract Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanostructures of 20–200 nm diameter deriving from the surface of several Gram-negative bacteria. OMVs are emerging as shuttles involved in several mechanisms of communication ......

Exosomes Derived from Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stimulated by Deferoxamine Accelerate Cutaneous Wound Healing by Promoting Angiogenesis

Abstract The exosomes are derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and may be potentially used as an alternative for cell therapy, for treating diabetic wounds, and aid in angiogenesis. This ......

Extracellular Vesicles and Ebola Virus: A New Mechanism of Immune Evasion

Abstract: Ebola virus (EBOV) disease can result in a range of symptoms anywhere from virtually asymptomatic to severe hemorrhagic fever during acute infection. Additionally, spans of asymptomatic persistence in recovering ......

Extracellular vesicle release from intestinal organoids is modulated by Apc mutation and other colorectal cancer progression factors

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-surrounded structures that transmit biologically important molecules from the releasing to target cells, thus providing a novel intercellular communication mechanism. Since EVs carry...

Ultrasensitive detection of cancer biomarkers by nickel-based isolation of polydisperse extracellular vesicles from blood

Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted membranous particles intensively studied for their potential cargo of diagnostic markers. Efficient and cost-effective isolation methods need to be established for the...

Exosome-based therapeutics: purification using semi-continuous multi-column chromatography

Abstract Extracellular vesicles, more particularly exosomes, are nanostructures of great medical interest. Similarly to other complex biopharmaceuticals such as virus, the purification of these nanovesicles is still a considerable...

The Impact of Physicochemical Characteristics on Therapeutic Efficacy of Anticancer Nanomaterials: A Review

ABSTRACT Cancer is a leading cause of death throughout the world which suffers from treatment failures mainly due to intensive toxicity and lack of effectiveness of conventional drugs. The application ......

Serum Exosomes from Newborn Piglets Restrict Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection

Abstract Exosomes are vehicles in the body fluid that participate in many biological processes, especially immune responses. In this study, we employed comparative proteome analysis to investigate the roles of ......

Comparative analysis of exosome isolation methods using culture supernatant for optimum yield, purity and downstream applications

Abstract Exosomes have received significant attention for their role in pathobiological processes and are being explored as a tool for disease diagnosis and management. Consequently, various isolation methods based on ......

Extracellular vesicle isolation methods: rising impact of size‐exclusion chromatography

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) include a variety of nanosized vesicles released to the extracellular microenvironment by the vast majority of cells transferring bioactive lipids, proteins, mRNA, miRNA or non-coding RNA, ......

NanoBioAnalytical characterization of extracellular vesicles in 75-nm nanofiltered human plasma for transfusion: A tool to improve transfusion safety

Abstract Plasma transfusion induces some transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) mediated through neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We investigated whether extracellular vesicles (EVs) present in plasma or obtained from...

A standardised protocol for the evaluation of small extracellular vesicles in plasma by imaging flow cytometry

Abstract Flow cytometry provides robust, multi-parametric and quantitative information on single cells which also exhibits enormous potential as a tool for small particle characterisation. Small extracellular vesicle (sEV) detection by ......

Serum Exosome Isolation by Size-Exclusion Chromatography for the Discovery and Validation of Preeclampsia-Associated Biomarkers

Abstract Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles of complex and heterogeneous composition that are released in biofluids such as blood. The interest in the characterization of exosomal biochemistry has increased over the ......

Exosomes secreted by urine-derived stem cells improve stress urinary incontinence by promoting repair of pubococcygeus muscle injury in rats

Abstract Background Previous studies revealed that urine-derived stem cells (USCs) could promote myogenesis after the impairment of the sphincter muscles. However, the effects of exosomes secreted by USCs (USCs-Exo) were ......

Optimization of cell culture conditions for exosome isolation using mini-size exclusion chromatography (mini-SEC)

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as a major intercellular communication system engaged in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) are a subset of EVs of ......

Microbubbles for Nucleic Acid Delivery in Liver Using Mild Sonoporation

Abstract Ultrasound-mediated gene delivery is an interesting approach, which could help in increasing gene transfer in deep tissues. Moreover, it allows for performing experiments guided by the image to determine ......

Quantitative and Specific Detection of Exosomal miRNAs for Accurate Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Using a Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensor Based on Plasmonic Head‐Flocked Gold Nanopillars

Abstract MicroRNAs in exosomes (exosomal miRNAs) have attracted increased attention as cancer biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis owing to their stability in body fluids. Since strong association exists between ......

The importance of extracellular vesicle purification for downstream analysis: A comparison of differential centrifugation and size exclusion chromatography for helminth pathogens

Abstract Background Robust protocols for the isolation of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from the rest of their excretory-secretory products are necessary for downstream studies and application development. The most widely used ......

Measuring particle size distribution of nanoparticle enabled medicinal products, the joint view of EUNCL and NCI-NCL. A step by step approach combining orthogonal measurements with increasing complexity

Abstract The particle size distribution (PSD) and the stability of nanoparticles enabled medicinal products (NEP) in complex biological environments are key attributes to assess their quality, safety and efficacy. Despite ......

Circulating Extracellular Vesicles and Their miR “Barcode” Differentiate Alcohol Drinkers With Liver Injury and Those Without Liver Injury in Severe Trauma Patients

Short Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), released during tissue/cell injury, contain a “barcode” indicating specific microRNAs (miRs) that can uncover their origin. We examined whether systemic EVs possessing hepatic miR-signatures...

Article | OPEN | Published: 12 February 2019 The Regenerative Potential of Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles: Lessons Learned by Comparing Different Isolation Techniques

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) mediate anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic, and immune-modulatory effects in multiple disease models, such as skeletal muscle atrophy and Alport syndrome. A ......

SPRi-based hemagglutinin quantitative assay for influenza vaccine production monitoring

Abstract Influenza vaccine manufacturers lack tools, whatever the involved production bioprocess (egg or cell-based), to precisely and accurately evaluate vaccine antigen content from samples. Indeed, the gold standard single-radial...

Extracellular vesicle‐educated macrophages promote early Achilles tendon healing

Tendon healing follows a complex series of coordinated events that ultimately produces a mechanically inferior tissue more scar‐like than native tendon. More regenerative healing occurs when anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophages play ......

Surface-engineered Design of Efficient Luminescent Europium(III) Complex-based Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals for Rapid HeLa Cancer Cell Imaging

Abstract We synthesized hydroxyapatite nanocrystals under the existence of tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)europium(III) (EuTH) complex to form inorganic/organic hybrid nanocrystal (EHA). Then, the folic acid derivative...

Label-free detection of exosomes using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor

Abstract The development of a sensitive and specific detection platform for exosomes is highly desirable as they are believed to transmit vital tumour-specific information (mRNAs, microRNAs, and proteins) to remote ......

Treponema pallidum induces the activation of endothelial cells via macrophage-derived exosomes

Abstract Recent studies have shown that exosomes play a role in pathogenesis and in the treatment of inflammatory diseases and tumours. We explored the effects of Treponema pallidum-induced macrophage-derived exosomes ......

Ultrasensitive immunoprofiling of plasma extracellular vesicles identifies syndecan-1 as a potential tool for minimally invasive diagnosis of glioma

Abstract Purpose: Liquid biopsy has great potential to improve the management of brain tumor patients at high risk of surgery-associated complications. Here, the aim was to explore plasma extracellular vesicle ......

Annexin A1 as Neuroprotective Determinant for Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Abstract: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is associated with hypoxia-ischemia (HI) induced brain injury and life-long neurological pathologies. Treatment options are limited. Recently, we found that mesenchymal stem/stromal cell...

Breast cancer‐derived exosomes reflect the cell‐of‐origin phenotype

Abstract A manner in which cells can communicate with each other is via secreted nanoparticles termed exosomes. These vesicles contain lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins, and are said to reflect ......

Exosomes derived from clinical grade oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets promote wound healing

ABSTRACT The oral mucosa exhibits unique regenerative properties, sometimes referred to as foetal-like wound healing. Researchers from our institute have used sheets of oral mucosa epithelial cells (OMECs) for regenerative ......

Exosomes derived from cardiomyocytes promote cardiac fibrosis via myocyte-fibroblast cross-talk

Abstract Cardiac fibrosis is primarily mediated by activated fibroblasts. However, cardiomyocytes have also been implicated in facilitating the fibrotic response. We aimed to explore how cardiomyocyte-derived exosomes affect...

Characterization of Nanomaterials: Tools and Challenges

Abstract As the use and potential use of nanomaterials (NMs) in food and food-related products increases, the need for well-defined and established methods for characterization of NM properties is essential ......

Complete Disaggregation of MCF-7-derived Breast Tumour Spheroids with Very Low Concentrations of α-Mangostin Loaded in CD44 Thioaptamer-tagged Nanoparticles

Abstract Background: α-Mangostin (αMG) is a natural substance that exerts a wide range of antitumor effects. Recently, we described that free αMG was able to dissociate multicellular tumour spheroids (MCTSs) ......

Control of Acoustic Cavitation for Efficient Sonoporation with Phase-Shift Nanoemulsions

Abstract Acoustic cavitation can be used to temporarily disrupt cell membranes for intracellular delivery of large biomolecules. Termed sonoporation, the ability of this technique for efficient intracellular delivery (i.e., >50% ......

A Label-free Platform for Identification of Exosomes from Different Sources

Abstract Exosomes contain cell- and cell-state-specific cargos of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids and play significant roles in cell signaling and cell–cell communication. Current research into exosome-based biomarkers has relied ......

Exosomes secreted by endothelial progenitor cells accelerate bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis by stimulating angiogenesis

Abstract Background Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is an effective but lengthy procedure to fully induce bone regeneration in large bone defects. Accumulating evidence supports the role of exosomes secreted by endothelial ......

Very Long-Chain C24:1 Ceramide Is Increased in Serum Extracellular Vesicles with Aging and Can Induce Senescence in Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, function in cell-to-cell communication through delivery of proteins, lipids and microRNAs to target cells via endocytosis and membrane fusion. These vesicles...

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit osteogenesis and exacerbate myeloma bone disease

Abstract Background: As a hallmark driver of multiple myeloma (MM), MM bone disease (MBD) is unique in that it is characterized by severely impaired osteoblast activity resulting from blocked osteogenesis ......

Serum Exosome Isolation by Size-Exclusion Chromatography for the Discovery and Validation of Preeclampsia-Associated Biomarkers

Abstract Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles of complex and heterogeneous composition that are released in biofluids such as blood. The interest in the characterization of exosomal biochemistry has increased over the ......

Cardiac Progenitor Cell–Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reduce Infarct Size and Associate with Increased Cardiovascular Cell Proliferation

Cell transplantation studies have shown that injection of progenitor cells can improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). Transplantation of human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) results in an increased ejection ......

Red cell supernatant effects on endothelial cell function and innate immune activation is influenced by donor age and sex

Background and objectives Blood donor characteristics significantly affect the pre‐storage and post‐storage quality of red cell concentrates (RCCs). This study investigated the impact of donor age and sex on RCC ......

Exosomal piRNA sequencing reveals differences between heart failure and healthy patients

OBJECTIVE: Heart failure is a leading cause of cardiovascular mortality in in- dustrialized countries. Increasing evidence has highlighted the relationship between noncoding regulatory RNAs, especially microRNAs, and heart failure....

Integrated Nanoscale Deterministic Lateral Displacement Arrays for Separation of Extracellular Vesicles from Clinically-Relevant Volumes of Biological Samples

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer many opportunities in early-stage disease diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and precision therapy owing to their high abundance in bodily fluids, accessibility from liquid biopsy, and presence of ......

Resistive pulse sensing as particle counting and sizing method in microfluidic systems: Designs and applications review

Resistive pulse sensing is a well‐known and established method for counting and sizing particles in ionic solutions. Throughout its development the technique has been expanded from detection of biological cells ......

Enhanced Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using Microbubbles and Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on 3D Printed Scaffolds

Lipid‐coated microbubbles, clinically approved as contrast enhancing agents for ultrasound imaging, are investigated for the first time for their possible applications in bone tissue engineering. Effects of microbubbles (average diameter ......

ANGI-10. WSD1227: A BRAIN PENETRABLE VEGFR2 INHIBITOR FOR THE TREATMENT OF PRIMARY AND METASTATIC BRAIN TUMORS

The VEGF pathway has emerged as an important target for cancer therapy by blocking the development of malignant neovasculature, thus to reduce oxygen availability to the tumor and decrease its ......

Harmonization of exosome isolation from culture supernatants for optimized proteomics analysis

Exosomes, the smallest subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs), have recently attracted much attention in the scientific community. Their involvement in intercellular communication and molecular reprogramming of different cell types...

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Reduce A1 Astrocytes via Downregulation of Phosphorylated NFκB P65 Subunit in Spinal Cord Injury

Background/Aims: Neurotoxic A1 astrocytes are induced by inflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI), and the inflammation-related Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NFκB) pathway may be related to A1-astrocyte activation. Mesenchymal stem ......

Chromatographic Approaches for Purification and Analytical Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles: Recent Advancements

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale particles released by cells under both physiological and pathological conditions, that mediate intercellular communication by delivering biomolecules (nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids). In...

Humic acids modify the pulse size distributions in the characterization of plastic microparticles by Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing

Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing, TRPS, is an emerging technique used in quantification and measuring the size (particle-by-particle) of viruses, exosomes and engineered colloidal spheres in biological fluids. We study the ......

Generation of therapeutic cells using extracellular components of target organs

The invention relates to an ex vivo generated population of tissue-specific anti-inflammatory macrophages and methods of making and using such macrophages...

EGFR detection in extracellular vesicles of breast cancer patients through immunosensor based on silica-chitosan nanoplatform

In the present work, we designed a microfluidic electrochemical immunosensor with enough sensibility and precision to quantify epithermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) of plasma from ......

Extraction and liposome reconstitution of membrane proteins with their native lipids without the use of detergents

Functional studies of membrane-bound channels, transporters or signal transducers require that the protein of interest resides in a membrane that separates two compartments. One approach that is commonly used to ......

Microvesicle and stem cell compositions for therapeutic applications

Provided herein are stem cell and exosome compositions having therapeutic utility to treat a variety of diseases and disorders, e.g., cardiovascular disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and fibrotic disease....

A Comparison of Clinically Relevant Sources of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: Bone Marrow and Amniotic Fluid

Background/Purpose Exosomes may constitute a more practical alternative to live cells in select stem cell-based therapies. We sought to compare exosomes from two mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) sources relevant to ......

Rapid and accurate analysis of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles with super resolution microscopy and live imaging

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have prevalent roles in cancer biology and regenerative medicine. Conventional techniques for characterising EVs including electron microscopy (EM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and tuneable...

MSC-derived exosomes ameliorate erectile dysfunction by alleviation of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle apoptosis in a rat model of cavernous nerve injury

Background This study investigated the therapeutic effects of MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) on erectile function in a rat model of cavernous nerve injury (CNI). Methods MSCs were isolated from rat bone ......

Extracellular vesicle microRNA cargo is correlated with HPV‐status in oropharyngeal carcinoma

Background The incidence of human papilloma virus positive (HPV+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) has increased rapidly in recent decades. These tumours have a favourable outcome compared to HPV‐negative (HPV‐) ......

A Magnetic-Based Microfluidic Device for On-Chip Isolation and Detection of Tumor-Derived Exosomes

Exosomes are membrane-enclosed phospholipid extracellular vesicles which can act as mediators of intercellular communication. Although the original features endow tumor-derived exosomes great potential as biomarkers, efficient...

Lab-on-Chip for Exosomes and Microvesicles Detection and Characterization

Abstract Interest in extracellular vesicles and in particular microvesicles and exosomes, which are constitutively produced by cells, is on the rise for their huge potential as biomarkers in a high ......

Blood manufacturing methods affect red blood cell product characteristics and immunomodulatory activity

Abstract Transfusion of red cell concentrates (RCCs) is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes that may be affected by different blood manufacturing methods and the presence of extracellular vesicles ......

Highly sensitive detection of exosomes by SERS using gold nanostar@Raman reporter@nanoshell structures modified with a bivalent cholesterol-labeled DNA anchor

Exosomes, as important signal transmitters, play a key role in intercellular communication, especially in cancer metastasis. There is considerable evidence that exosomes can be used as an indicator of cancer. ......

A Comparison of an Optimized Ultracentrifugation Method versus Size- Exclusion Chromatography for Isolation of Exosomes from Human Serum

Exosomes are nanosized vesicles that are abundant in biological fluids. In recent years, exosomes have attracted increasing attention as their cargo may provide promising biomarkers for the early diagnosis of ......

Colorectal Cancer-derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Establish an Inflammatory Pre-metastatic Niche in Liver Metastasis

Liver metastases develop in more than half of the patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and are associated with a poor prognosis. The factors influencing liver metastasis of CRC are poorly ......

Screening of red blood cells for extracellular vesicle content as a product quality indicator

BACKGROUND The controversy around the quality and clinical impact of stored and differentially manufactured red cell concentrates (RCCs) from different donor groups is ongoing. Current studies are limited by the ......

Ebola Virus VP40 Modulates Cell Cycle and Biogenesis of Extracellular Vesicles

Background Ebola virus (EBOV) mainly targets myeloid cells; however, extensive death of T cells is often observed in lethal infections. We have previously shown that EBOV VP40 in exosomes causes ......

Dopamine-loaded blood exosomes targeted to brain for better treatment of Parkinson’s disease

Abstract Parkinson’s disease (PD), one of the most common movement and neurodegenerative disorders, is challenging to treat, largely because the blood-brain barrier blocks passage of most drugs. Here we find ......

Gold Nanoparticles with Ligand/Zwitterion Hybrid Layer for Individual Counting of Influenza A H1N1 Subtype Using Resistive Pulse Sensing

Resistive pulse sensing (RPS) is an analytical technique for detecting particles with nano- to micrometer diameters, such as proteins, viruses, and bacteria. RPS is a promising tool for diagnosis as ......

Provocative decompression causes diffuse vascular injury in mice mediated by microparticles containing interleukin-1β

Inflammatory mediators are known to be elevated in association with decompression from elevated ambient pressure, but their role in tissue damage or overt decompression sickness is unclear. Circulating microparticles (MPs) ......

Urinary exosome miR‐146a is a potential marker of albuminuria in essential hypertension

Background There is increasing interest in using extracellular vesicle-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers in renal dysfunction and injury. Preliminary evidence indicates that miRNAs regulate the progression of glomerular disease....

Biophysical virus particle specific characterization to sharpen the definition of virus stability

Vaccine thermostability is key to successful global immunization programs as it may have a significant impact on the continuous cold-chain maintenance logistics, as well as affect vaccine potency. Modern biological ......

Ultrafiltration and size exclusion chromatography combined with asymmetrical-flow field-flow fractionation for the isolation and characterisation of extracellular vesicles from urine

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have a great potential in clinical applications. However, their isolation from different bodily fluids and their characterisation are currently not optimal or standardised. Here, we report the ......

Bioprocess Decision Support Tool For Scalable Manufacture of Extracellular Vesicles

Newly recognized as natural nanocarriers that deliver biological information between cells, extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, provide unprecedented therapeutic opportunities. Large‐scale and...

Zhang, Suisui, Huijun Dai, Lingyu Zhu, Fei Lin, Zhaokun Hu, Ren Jing, Weikang Zhang et al. “Microvesicles packaging IL-1β and TNF-α enhance lung inflammatory response to mechanical ventilation in part by induction of cofilin signaling.” International immunopharmacology 63 (2018): 74-83.

Microvesicles shed from pulmonary cells are capable of transferring inflammatory cargo to recipient cells nearby or in distant to enhance inflammation. Some authors believe that cofilin controls actin dynamics and ......

Bioinspired, nanoscale approaches in contemporary bioanalytics

The genesis for this topical review stems from the interdisciplinary Biointerfaces International conference 2016 (BI 2016) in Zurich, Switzerland, wherein the need for advances in analytical tools was both expressed ......

Probing the conformational switch of I-motif DNA using tunable resistive pulse sensing

I-motif DNA, which can fold and unfold reversibly in various environments, plays a significant role in DNA nanotechnology and biological functions. Thus, it is of fundamental importance to identify the ......

Loss of XIST in Breast Cancer Activates MSN-c-Met and Reprograms Microglia via Exosomal miRNA to Promote Brain Metastasis

Up to 30% of patients with metastatic breast cancer eventually develop brain metastasis, yet the pathologic mechanism behind this development remains poorly understood. Here, we profiled long noncoding RNAs in ......

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell–derived exosomes improve functional recovery after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in the rat

OBJECTIVE Previous studies have demonstrated that transplanted multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) improve functional recovery in rats after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In this study the authors tested the...

Delivery of MGMT mRNA to glioma cells by reactive astrocyte-derived exosomes confers a temozolomide resistance phenotype

The glioma-astrocyte interaction plays an important role in tumor microenvironment remodeling; however, the underlying mechanism has not been completely clarified. In this study, we show that glioma cells stimulate normal ......

Tissue and exosomal miRNA editing in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

RNA editing in microRNAs has been recently proposed as a novel biomarker in cancer. Here, we investigated RNA editing by leveraging small-RNA sequencing data from 87 NSCLC (Non-Small Cell Lung ......

Strategic design of extracellular vesicle drug delivery systems

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), sub-micron vectors used in intercellular communication, have demonstrated great promise as natural drug delivery systems. Recent reports have detailed impressive in vivo results from the administration of ......

Circulating extracellular vesicles are associated with lipid and insulin metabolism

We have reported that hypertrophic adipocytes release extracellular vesicles (EVs) and that number of circulating adipocyte-derived EVs correlated with insulin and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in a pilot...

Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts promote the stemness and chemoresistance of colorectal cancer by transferring exosomal lncRNA H19

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the pathology of various tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The crosstalk between carcinoma- associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment ......

In Vivo Evaluation of Magnetic Targeting in Mice Colon Tumors with Ultra-Magnetic Liposomes Monitored by MRI

Purpose The development of theranostic nanocarriers as an innovative therapy against cancer has been improved by targeting properties in order to optimize the drug delivery to safely achieve its desired ......

N-(2-Hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide polymer conjugated pyropheophorbidea, a promising tumor-targeted theranostic probe for photodynamic therapy and imaging

Tumor-targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) using polymeric photosensitizers is a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. In this study, we synthesized a pHPMA conjugated pyropheophorbide-a (P-PyF) as a cancer theranostic...

Methods and Technologies for Exosome Isolation and Characterization

Abstract Exosomes, a specific subclass of the extracellular vesicles secreted by most cell types, play an important role in cell–cell communication by transporting diverse content including protein, mRNA, miRNA, and ......

Quantification of Exosome Based on Copper-Mediated Signal Amplification Strategy

Exosomes, a class of small extracellular vesicles, play important roles in various physiological and pathological processes by serving as vehicles for transferring and delivering membrane and cytosolic molecules between cells. ......

Alzheimer’s disease pathology propagation by exosomes containing toxic amyloid‐beta oligomers

The gradual deterioration of cognitive functions in Alzheimer’s disease is paralleled by a hierarchical progression of amyloid-beta and tau brain pathology. Recent findings indicate that toxic oligomers of amyloid-beta may ......

Systematic Methodological Evaluation of a Multiplex Bead-Based Flow Cytometry Assay for Detection of Extracellular Vesicle Surface Signatures

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be harvested from cell culture supernatants and from all body fluids. EVs can be conceptually classified based on their size and biogenesis as exosomes and microvesicles. ......

mRNA transcript distribution bias between Borrelia burgdorferi bacteria and their outer membrane vesicles

Borrelia burgdorferi, a bacterium in the spirochete phylum, is the causative agent of Lyme disease. Borrelia burgdorferi has a linear chromosome with a number of circular and linear plasmids. Bacteria, ......

Low cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with higher extracellular vesicle counts in obese adults

Abstract Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) independent of obesity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a novel target of CVD, however, it remains unknown if obese individuals ......

Novel analytical methods to assess the chemical and physical properties of liposomes

Liposomes are used in commercial pharmaceutical formulations (PFs) and dietary supplements (DSs) as a carrier vehicle to protect the active ingredient from degradation and to increase the half-life of the ......

High-throughput screening identified selective inhibitors of exosome biogenesis and secretion: A drug repurposing strategy for advanced cancer

Targeting exosome biogenesis and release may have potential clinical implications for cancer therapy. Herein, we have optimized a quantitative high throughput screen (qHTS) assay to identify compounds that modulate exosome ......

Low cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with higher extracellular vesicle counts in obese adults

Abstract Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) independent of obesity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a novel target of CVD, however, it remains unknown if obese individuals ......

Novel analytical methods to assess the chemical and physical properties of liposomes

Liposomes are used in commercial pharmaceutical formulations (PFs) and dietary supplements (DSs) as a carrier vehicle to protect the active ingredient from degradation and to increase the half-life of the ......

Dendri-tac and their use as theranostics

The present invention relates to novel amphiphilic dendrimers, hereafter denoted Dendri-TAC. The present invention also relates to perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions stabilized by these amphiphilic dendrimers and their uses for in vivo ......

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications of Exosomes in Cancer

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications of Exosomes in Cancer evaluates the potential of exosome content manipulation in the development of novel therapeutics. In recent years, exosomes, the small vesicles produced by ......

Microvesicles from Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a New Protective Strategy in Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes

Abstract Background/Aims: Chronic inflammation contributes to cartilage degeneration during the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC) show great potential to treat inflammatory and...

Origins-to-Outcomes-A-Role-for-Extracellular-Vesicles-in-Precision-Medicine

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are of great interest in biological research, and though they are a relatively recent discovery, they have rapidly shown great potential for use in clinical applications. The ......

Microvesicles from Human Adipose Tissue- Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a New Protective Strategy in Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes

Abstract Background/Aims: Chronic inflammation contributes to cartilage degeneration during the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC) show great potential to treat inflammatory and...

The Design and Characterisation of Multifunctional Aptamer Nanopore Sensors

Aptamer-modified nanomaterials provide a simple, yet powerful sensing platform when combined with resistive pulse sensing technologies. Aptamers adopt a more stable tertiary structure in the presence of a target analyte, ......

Transmembrane NADH Oxidation with Tetracyanoquinodimethane

The design of efficient schemes for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) regeneration is essential for the development of enzymatic biotechnological processes in order to sustain continuous production. In line with our ......

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Provide Neuroprotection and Improve Long-Term Neurologic Outcomes in a Swine Model of Traumatic Brain Injury and Hemorrhagic Shock

Combined traumatic brain injury (TBI) and hemorrhagic shock (HS) remains a leading cause of preventable death worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have demonstrated promise in small animal models of neurologic ......

Proteome profiling of exosomes derived from plasma of heifers with divergent genetic merit for fertility

The current study evaluated exosomes isolated from plasma of heifers bred to have high or low fertility through developing extreme diversity in fertility breeding values, however, key animal traits (e.g., ......

The impact of circulating preeclampsia-associated extracellular vesicles on the migratory activity and phenotype of THP-1 monocytic cells

Intercellular communication via extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their target cells, especially immune cells, results in functional and phenotype changes that consequently may play a significant role in various physiological states ......

None of us is the same as all of us: resolving the heterogeneity of extracellular vesicles using single-vesicle, nanoscale characterization with resonance enhanced atomic force microscope infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR)

The successful translation of nanoparticle-based systems into commercial products depends upon the ability to reliably measure important physical and chemical properties of these particles. The density of nanoparticles is one ......

Measuring the size and density of nanoparticles by centrifugal sedimentation and flotation

The successful translation of nanoparticle-based systems into commercial products depends upon the ability to reliably measure important physical and chemical properties of these particles. The density of nanoparticles is one ......

Intra-Cardiac Release of Extracellular Vesicles Shapes Inflammation Following Myocardial Infarction

Abstract Rationale: A rapid and massive influx of inflammatory cells occurs into ischemic area following myocardial infarction, resulting in local release of cytokines and growth factors. Yet, the mechanisms regulating ......

Measuring the size and density of nanoparticles by centrifugal sedimentation and flotation

The successful translation of nanoparticle-based systems into commercial products depends upon the ability to reliably measure important physical and chemical properties of these particles. The density of nanoparticles is one ......

Tumor-associated macrophages-derived exosomes promote the migration of gastric cancer cells by transfer of functional Apolipoprotein E

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a major component of the tumor microenvironment and have been shown to contribute to tumor aggressiveness. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the pro-metastatic effect of TAMs ......

Intra-Cardiac Release of Extracellular Vesicles Shapes Inflammation Following Myocardial Infarction

Abstract Rationale: A rapid and massive influx of inflammatory cells occurs into ischemic area following myocardial infarction, resulting in local release of cytokines and growth factors. Yet, the mechanisms regulating ......

Detection and proteomic characterization of extracellular vesicles in human pancreatic juice

Abstract Aims The prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer has remained virtually unchanged with a high mortality rate compared to other types of cancers. An earlier detection would provide a ......

Characteristics of Extracellular Vesicles in Red Blood Concentrates Change with Storage Time and Blood Manufacturing Method

Keywords Microvesicles · Microparticles · Red blood cells · In vitro quality · Storage lesion · Blood processing · Red cell filtered · Whole blood filtered Summary Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) ......

Circulating extracellular vesicles are associated with lipid and insulin metabolism

Abstract We have reported that hypertrophic adipocytes release extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the number of circulating adipocyte-derived EVs correlated with insulin and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in a...

Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Development of Antiandrogen Resistance in Prostate Cancer

A functional assessment of affinity isolated inflammatory extracellular vesicle subpopulations

Opioid-mediated extracellular vesicle production and NLRP3 inflammasome activation cause vascular damage

Semi-quantitation and characterization of serum-derived exosomes in coronary artery disease by glycan recognition bead, EXÖBead

From bench to bedside: a systematic approach to increased laboratory exosome production

Isolation of extracellular vesicles by gel filtration: a comparison of two commonly used protocols

METASTASIS AND ADAPTIVE RESISTANCE INHIBITING IMMUNOTHERAPY COMBINED ONLINECHEMOTHERAPY (43)Pub.Date: Dec.13,2018 WITH RADIOTHERAPY’STUMOR SEEKING EXTRACELLULAR VESICLESWITH SIRNA AND CHEMOTHERAPEUTICS

Abstract Mutated genome silencing with endogenous RNAi-siRNA and miRNA with near total cellular apheresis with pulse flow apheresis system and EV-exosome-RNA molecular apheresis with sucrose density gradient continuous flow...

3D visualization of extracellular vesicle uptake by endothelial cells

Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles are small vesicles that contain cytoplasmic and membrane components from their paternal cells. They enter target cells through uptake to transfer their biological cargo. In this ......

Extracellular Vesicles from Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Ameliorate Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis in Rats

Abstract Background. There are no approved drug treatments for liver fibrosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an advanced stage of fibrosis which has rapidly become a major cause of cirrhosis. Therefore, ......

Facile Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles with PLGA Polymer Brushes and Efficient Encapsulation into PLGA Nanoparticles: Toward Spatially Precise Bioimaging of Polymeric Nanoparticles

Abstract Nanocarriers prepared from poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) have broad biomedical applications. Understanding their cellular uptake and distribution requires appropriate visualization in complex biological compartments with...

The Role of Arrestin Domain-Containing 3 in Regulating Endocytic Recycling and Extracellular Vesicle Sorting of Integrin β4 in Breast Cancer

Despite the established role of integrin β4 (ITG β4) in breast cancer progression, the importance of endocytic recycling of ITG β4 and its regulatory mechanism are poorly understood. Here, we ......

Metastasis-associated miR-23a from nasopharyngeal carcinomaderived exosomes mediates angiogenesis by repressing a novel target gene TSGA10

Benefiting from more precise imaging and radiotherapy, patients with locoregionally nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have a significantly higher survival rate. Nonetheless, distant metastasis is still the predominant mode of failure....

Extracellular vesicle RNAs reflect placenta dysfunction and are a biomarker source for preterm labour

Preterm birth (PTB) can lead to lifelong complications and challenges. Identifying and monitoring molecular signals in easily accessible biological samples that can diagnose or predict the risk of preterm labour ......

Enhancing clot properties through fibrin-specific self-cross-linked PEG side-chain microgels

Excessive bleeding and resulting complications are a major cause of death in both trauma and surgical settings. Recently, there have been a number of investigations into the design of synthetic ......

miRNAs targeting ICP4 and delivered to susceptible cells in exosomes block herpes simplex virus 1 replication in dose dependent manner

miRNAs are potent tools that in principle can be used to control the replication of infectious agents. The objectives of the studies reported here were to design miRNAs that can ......

Bead Enhancement of EV Analysis

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized cancer biomarkers, however, clinical analysis has been difficult due to a lack of simple and sensitive assays. Here, we describe a bead-enhanced flow cytometry method, ......

Separation of plasma-derived exosomes into CD3(+) and CD3(-) fractions allows for association of immune cell and tumor cell markers with disease activity in HNSCC patients

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly immunosuppressive malignancy. Exosomes in HNSCC patients’ plasma are enriched in inhibitory cargo and mediate immunosuppression. As these exosomes are products ......

Nano-/Microparticle Tracers for Evaluating Structures in Fractured Porous Media

Nano- and microparticle tracers are expected to be used for evaluating structures in geological developments, however their transport behavior is not well characterized. This study investigated nanoparticle transport in a ......

Extracellular vesicles have variable dose-dependent effects on cultured draining cells in the eye

The role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as signal mediators has been described in many biological fields. How many EVs are needed to deliver the desired physiological signal is yet unclear. ......

Extracellular vesicles as modulators of wound healing

Impaired healing of cutaneous wounds and ulcers continues to have a major impact on the quality of life of millions of people. In recent years, the capacity for stem and ......

Overview of Protocols for Studying Extracellular RNA and Extracellular Vesicles

Understanding the role of extracellular RNA (exRNA) has emerged as an exciting avenue for biomarker, therapeutic, as well as basic cell–cell communication applications and discoveries. Multiple protocols, kits, and procedures ......

Multiplexed Detection and Quantitation of Extracellular Vesicle RNA Expression Using NanoString

Several different types of RNA molecules such as microRNAs (miRNAs) have been detected within extracellular vesicles in the circulation. The detection and potential utility of these as disease biomarkers requires ......

Technical challenges of working with extracellular vesicles

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane vesicles secreted from cells and have great potential as drug delivery carriers. Surface proteins on EV membranes might play roles in pharmacokinetics. One method ......

Technical challenges of working with extracellular vesicles

Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are gaining interest as central players in liquid biopsies, with potential applications in diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic guidance in most pathological conditions. These nanosized particles transmit...

Exosomal miRNAs as novel cancer biomarkers: Challenges and opportunities

A biomarker with high specificity and sensitivity, is a basic requirement for non-invasive cancer diagnosis. Exosomes are a type of lipid bilayer extracellular vesicles (EVs), containing different components, including proteins, ......

Engineered nanointerfaces for microfluidic isolation and molecular profiling of tumor-specific extracellular vesicles

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry RNA, DNA, proteins, and lipids. Specifically, tumor-derived EVs have the potential to be utilized as disease-specific biomarkers. However, a lack of methods to isolate tumor-specific EVs ......

Comparison of membrane afnity-based method with size-exclusion chromatography for isolation of exosome-like vesicles from human plasma

Background Plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs), especially exosome-like vesicles (ELVs), are being increasingly explored as a source of potential noninvasive disease biomarkers. The discovery of blood-based biomarkers associated with...

On-a-chip tryptic digestion of transthyretin: a step toward an integrated microfluidic system for the follow-up of familial transthyretin amyloidosis

A microfluidic microreactor for trypsin mediated transthyretin (TTR) digestion has been developed as a