Abstract Extracellular micro- and nanoscale membrane vesicles produced by different cells progressively attract the attention of the scientific community. They function as mediators of intercellular communication and transport genetic material …
Techniques Associated with Exosome Isolation for Biomarker Development: Liquid Biopsies for Ovarian Cancer Detection
Abstract Ovarian cancer is the leading gynecological malignancy worldwide. This is attributed to the fact that the disease is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, where the survival rates drop …
Extracellular vesicles transmit epithelial growth factor activity in the intestinal stem cell niche
Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EV) are membrane‐surrounded vesicles that represent a novel way of intercellular communication by carrying biologically important molecules in a concentrated and protected form. The intestinal epithelium is …
MiR-21 derived from the exosomes of MSCs regulates the death and differentiation of neurons in patients with spinal cord injury
Abstract In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of miR-21 in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms. Real-time PCR …
Dietary Na+ intake in healthy humans changes the urine extracellular vesicle prostasin abundance while vesicle excretion rate, NCC and ENaC are not altered
Abstract Low Na+ intake activates aldosterone signaling which increases renal Na+ reabsorption through increased apical activity of NaCl co-transporter (NCC) and epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC). Na+ transporter proteins are excreted …
Enhancement of Oncolytic Activity of oHSV Expressing IL-12 and Anti PD-1 Antibody by Concurrent Administration of Exosomes Carrying CTLA-4 miRNA
Abstract Systemic administration of checkpoint inhibitors alone and especially concurrent with intratumoral administration of oncolytic herpesviruses (oHSV) has a major impact on cancer therapy marred by rare failures of healthy …
Development of DNA-anchored assembly of small extracellular vesicle for efficient antigen delivery to antigen presenting cells
Abstract Tumor-cell derived small extracellular vesicle (sEV) combined with immunostimulatory adjuvants may serve as a promising tumor vaccine through the induction of the cytotoxic T cell response. To achieve an …
Circulating exosomes may identify biomarkers for cows at risk for metabolic dysfunction
Abstract Disease susceptibility of dairy cows is greatest during the transition from pregnancy to lactation. Circulating exosomes may provide biomarkers to detect at-risk cows to enhance health and productivity. From …
Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Vesicles from Keratinocyte Cultures
Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are nano-sized membrane-bound particles which are released by cells. They have been found in all examined body fluids and can be isolated from conditioned …
Liquid biopsies in pancreatic cancer
ABSTRACT Introduction: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a disease of high lethality. Invasive tissue biopsies of primary or metastatic lesions remain the gold standard for diagnosis, but repeated sampling is …
Acidification effects on isolation of extracellular vesicles from bovine milk
Abstract Bovine milk extracellular vesicles (EVs) attract research interest as carriers of biologically active cargo including miRNA from donor to recipient cells to facilitate intercellular communication. Since toxicity of edible …
Small Extracellular Vesicles Are Key Regulators of Non-cell Autonomous Intercellular Communication in Senescence via the Interferon Protein IFITM3
Senescence is a cellular phenotype present in health and disease, characterized by a stable cell-cycle arrest and an inflammatory response called senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP is important …
Development and comparative analysis of human urine exosome isolation strategies
Abstract Exosomes contain virtually every type of biomolecules that have originated from parental cells. High concentrations of exosomes are found in a variety of body fluids including urine, a body …
The Anti-Apoptotic E of ASC-Exosomes in an In Vitro ALS Model and Their Proteomic Analysis
Abstract Stem cell therapy represents a promising approach in the treatment of several neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The beneficial effect of stem cells is exerted by paracrine …
Exosome reporter mice reveal the involvement of exosomes in mediating neuron to astroglia communication in the CNS
Abstract Astroglia play active and diverse roles in modulating neuronal/synaptic functions in the CNS. How these astroglial functions are regulated, especially by neuronal signals, remains largely unknown. Exosomes, a major …
Modern Techniques for the Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles and Viruses
Abstract Extracellular signaling is pivotal to maintain organismal homeostasis. A quickly emerging field of interest within extracellular signaling is the study of extracellular vesicles (EV), which act as messaging vehicles …
Assessment of extracellular vesicles, associated microRNAs, and of their utility as clinical biomarkers in liquid biopsies
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are crucial mediators of intercellular communication and promising diagnostic targets in liquid biopsies. This work aimed at assessing the applicability and utility of exploiting EVs and their …
Acoustic immunosensing of exosomes using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring.
Abstract Exosomes are endocytic lipid-membrane bound bodies with potential to be used as biomarkers in cancer and neurodegenerative disease. The limitations and scarcity of current exosome characterisation approaches has led …
Extracellular vesicles in urologic malignancies— Implementations for future cancer care
Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a heterogeneous group of vesicles differing in size and shape, cargo content and function, are membrane‐bound and nano‐sized vesicles that could be released by nearly all …
A novel population of extracellular vesicles smaller than exosomes promotes cell proliferation
Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in intercellular communication by delivering RNA, lipid, and proteins to neighboring or distant cells. Identification and classification of EVs secreted from diverse …